Social science is a broad category that encompasses various occupations and areas that explores aspects of human society. It covers all aspects including the past events, the milestone achieved, human behavior, relationship among groups, and also the economic growth. It also offers an insight into the behavioral pattern, adaptability to different situations, and decision making abilities of different people and groups. Individuals who do all the study and research on the society and human behavior are known as social scientists.
In this huge field there are many rewarding occupations but some of the most popular choices are anthropologists, archaeologists, geographers, and historians.
» Read more: Key Areas of Social Science
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If you are going to be doing leisure or social science research, these are the major data analysis techniques to use:
- Chi-square test. This test, signified by the symbol X2, is used to show the relationship between two nominal variables, which are variables that describe something, such as one’s gender or age. This test is designed to show if the relationship is significant or not, and if so, the null hypothesis of no difference will be rejected. The test is done by examining the counts or percentages in the cells of a table and comparing the actual counts with the expected count which would occur if there was no difference according to the null hypothesis, such as if there was an equal number of people of two different racial groups in a study of participation in two different leisure activities. One would expect the same number of members of different racial groups in each activity if there is no difference, but if one activity is more popular with one group and the other activity is more popular with the other group, then there would be a difference. The Chi-Square test involves summing up the differences between the counts or percentages and the expected counts or percentage, so that the larger the total, the bigger the Chi-square value would be. In other words, this value results from summing up the squared values of the differences.
- T-Test. This test involves comparing two means to determine if the differences between them are significant, based on rejecting the null hypothesis of no difference and accepting the alternative hypothesis that there is a difference. For example, the test might look at the average income of people participating in different recreational activities, such as golf versus bowling, to see if there is a difference between them, which might be expected, since golf is a fairly expensive sport while bowling is a relatively inexpensive sport. The test can be either used as a paired samples test or an independent samples test. In the paired samples test, the means of two variables, such as two different activities for everyone in the whole sample are compared, such as the amount of time spent on the Internet and the amount of time watching TV. By contrast, in the independent samples test, the means of two subgroups in the sample are compared in relation to a single variable to see if there are any differences between them, such as the amount of time teenagers and their parents spend on the Internet.
» Read more: The Major Data Analysis Techniques Used in Leisure and Social Science Research
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How Social Studies Prepares Students for Society
Etymologically social studies refers to the different branches of study dealing with social sciences such as civics, economics, linguistics, management, history, geography and a host of others. It varies from natural sciences and affects human behavior and interpersonal relationships. Social studies is a crucial discipline in the school curriculum. Social sciences had their roots in the study of philosophy and theology in ancient times, gaining greater impetus during the medieval era. It prepares students to face life’s challenges realistically, systematically and with a practical bent of mind. Yet, it is a sorry state of affairs that in a hurry to get ahead in life and career, students and even educational institutions lay poor, if any, attention to the richness of learning- teaching of social studies.
A few of the areas of social sciences that mould the personalities of students are discussed below:
» Read more: Social Studies Prepares Students for Society
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